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QPlant protectionCan I protect wheat with biological products only? How much does it cost?
Expert answer
In short: Yes, with biological agents by growth stage — about €22–27/daa per season.
Yes, by growth stage:
| Stage (BBCH) | Main risks | Biological agents | Cost (€/daa) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Seed (pre-sowing) | Seed-borne diseases, root rots, smuts and bunts | Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens | 1.80–3.30 |
| Emergence–tillering (10–29) | Root rots, early powdery mildew | Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma; horsetail and nettle extracts | ≈ 3.30 |
| Stem elongation (30–39) | Powdery mildew, septoria, rusts | Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, B. subtilis; neem/garlic | 4.50–5.80 |
| Flag leaf (37–39) | Septoria, rusts, mildew — key for yield | B. subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, Trichoderma (foliar) | ≈ 5.50 |
| Heading–flowering (51–69) | Fusarium head blight, alternaria | B. subtilis, Trichoderma, compost tea | ≈ 5.00 |
| Grain fill (71–85), optional | Secondary infections, quality | Bacillus spp., chitosan, seaweed extracts | ≈ 2.00 |
In total about 22–27 €/daa. Interval of 7–14 days in wet weather and at risk. The commercial products named in the brochure are examples only; check that they are authorised in Bulgaria.
Material: Brochure 1 Appendices, Appendix 2; appendix to Brochure 2 "Sample biological protection programme for wheat".